Eric Gilbert KAZITSA,Shichao WEI,Yunhai PU,et al.Population Size, Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evidence of a Recent Population Bottleneck in Hynobius chinensis, an Endangered Salamander Species[J].Asian Herpetological Research(AHR),2018,9(3):149-164.[doi:10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.180027]
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Population Size, Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evidence of a Recent Population Bottleneck in Hynobius chinensis, an Endangered Salamander Species
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Asian Herpetological Research[ISSN:2095-0357/CN:51-1735/Q]

Issue:
2018 VoI.9 No.3
Page:
149-164
Research Field:
Publishing date:
2018-09-25

Info

Title:
Population Size, Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evidence of a Recent Population Bottleneck in Hynobius chinensis, an Endangered Salamander Species
Author(s):
Eric Gilbert KAZITSA1#;  Shichao WEI1#;  Yunhai PU2;  Xingyan WU1;  Lin SONG1;  Lei GAO1;  Fuyuan QIU1;  Yue GUO;  Zhaoquan ZHU2 and Hua WU1*
1 Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyulu, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China
2 Wildlife Conservation Station of Hubei Province, 438 Xiongchu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China
Keywords:
transcriptome;  microsatellites;  adult census population size;  effective population size;  genetic drift;  inbreeding
PACS:
-
DOI:
10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.180027
Abstract:
Severe population declines can reduce species to small populations, offering permissive conditions for deleterious processes. For example, following such events, species can become prone to inbreeding and genetic drift which can lead to a loss of genetic diversity and evolutionary potentials. Hynobius chinensis is a poorly studied very rare and declining endangered amphibian species endemic to China in Changyang County. We investigated adult census population size by monitoring breeding populations from 2015 to 2018, developed microsatellite markers from the transcriptome and used them to investigate genetic diversity, and a population bottleneck in this species. We found H. chinensis in 4 different localities in a total area of 2.18 km2 and estimated the overall adult census population size at 386–404 individuals. The adult census size (mean ± SE) per breeding pond ranged from 44 ± 6 to 141 ± 8 individuals and appeared smaller than that reported in closely related species in undisturbed habitats. We developed and characterized 13 microsatellite markers in total. Analysis of data at 7 loci (N = 118) in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium gathered from the largest population showed that genetic diversity level was low. The average number of alleles per locus was 2.14. The observed and expected heterozygosities averaged 0.38 and 0.40, respectively. The inbreeding coefficient was –0.06. All tests performed to investigate a population bottleneck, i.e. The Garza-Williamson test, Heterozygosity excess test, Mode shift test of allele frequency, and effective population size estimates detected a population bottleneck. The contemporary and the historical effective population sizes were estimated at 36 and 234 individuals, respectively. We argue that as bottleneck effects, the studied population may have become prone to genetic drift and inbreeding, losing microsatellite alleles and heterozygosity. Our results suggest that populations of H. chinensis may have been extirpated in the study area.

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Last Update: 2018-09-26